Bhuyan, also known as Bhuya, is one of the main tribes inhabiting in the
Keonjhar District of
Orissa. They consider themselves to be the children and owner of the land so they are called Bhuyan, derived from the
Sanskrit word meaning ‘land’.
Oriya is the main dialect of Bhuyans.
Bhuyan are divided into two categories which include pauri Bhuyans and plain Bhuyans. Pauri Bhuyans reside in the hilly and other in accessible areas while the plain Bhuyans lives along with the Hindu caste in the village of plain areas.
Bhuyans are mainly cultivators and agricultural laborers. They practice shifting cultivation called ‘Toila chasa’ or ‘podu chasa’ on hilltops or slopes. Paddy, gingili, mustard, ginger and maize are cultivated in large amount. Weaving of mats from the wild date palm and preparation of broomsticks are commonly practiced by women. The men engage themselves in rope making and carpentry.
Akhin pardhi, the ceremonial hunting of Bhuyans is observed in the months of March-April.
